Which concept centers on rehabilitation and social support in punishment?

• A. Homicide
• B. Justifiable homicide
• C. Penal-welfarism
• D. Inclusionary regime

Answer: (C)

Rehabilitation and social support in punishment are hallmark ideas of a welfare-oriented approach to criminal justice. Penal-welfarism treats punishment as a way to improve the offender’s welfare through education, therapy, job training, substance abuse treatment, and other supports, with the goal of reintegration into society and reducing the chance of reoffending. This perspective emphasizes addressing underlying causes and providing resources so the person can return to the community as a productive, non-criminal member.

Homicide and justifiable homicide describe acts related to killing and its lawful defenses, not a theory about how punishment should be designed or delivered. An inclusionary regime suggests broader social inclusion policies, but penal-welfarism is the term that specifically centers rehabilitation and social support within punishment.